Product Description
I. Chemical Structure
The p-aminophenol molecule contains a benzene ring, with an amino group and a hydroxyl group at the para position. This structure gives it special chemical properties. The amino group can react with acids to form salts, like reacting with hydrochloric acid to make p-aminophenol hydrochloride. The hydroxyl group is prone to electrophilic substitution, such as the esterification with acetic anhydride to form paracetamol, crucial in pharmaceutical synthesis.
II. Physical and Chemical Properties
- Appearance: Usually, it's a white or light yellow crystalline powder. In air or poor storage, it darkens due to oxidation.
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water because of the benzene ring's hydrophobicity. But it dissolves well in ethanol, ether, and alkaline solutions. In ethanol, hydrogen bonds help its dissolution.
- Stability: The amino group's strong reducibility makes p-aminophenol unstable in air. It oxidizes from the amino group, changing color from white/light yellow to brown or black, affecting its properties. To keep it stable, store it sealed, controlling temperature and humidity.
III. Preparation Methods
- Reaction Principle: Use nitrobenzene as raw material and iron powder as a reducing agent in an acidic medium. Nitrobenzene is reduced to p-aminophenol.
- Advantages and Disadvantages: The advantage is the wide availability and low cost of nitrobenzene. However, it generates polluted wastewater with iron ions. Also, the process has many steps and complex purification, leading to high costs.
- Phenol Nitrosation Method:
- Reaction Principle: Phenol and sodium nitrite react in a sulfuric acid medium to form p-nitrosophenol, then it's reduced to p-aminophenol.
- Advantages and Disadvantages: The process is short with high atom utilization. But it requires strict control of temperature, acidity, and has high equipment corrosion resistance requirements. Sodium nitrite used is toxic, bringing safety risks.
IV. Application Fields
- Pharmaceutical Field: P-aminophenol is a key pharmaceutical intermediate. It's well - known for making paracetamol. It also participates in synthesizing drugs like clofibrate for cardiovascular diseases.
- Rubber Additive Field: As a rubber antioxidant, it can extend rubber products' lifespan. It reacts with air oxidants, protecting the rubber from aging, which shows as hardening and losing elasticity.
- Dye Field: It can synthesize various azo dyes. Its amino and hydroxyl groups take part in diazotization and coupling, creating dyes for textiles and leather industries, giving products rich colors.
Detailed Photos
Product Parameters
| Product name: |
P-aminophenol |
| Appearance: |
White crystal powder |
| CAS No.: |
123-30-8 |
| EINECS No.: |
204-616-2 |
| Molecular formula: |
C6H7NO |
| Molecular weight: |
109.13 |
| Density: |
1.29 |
| Melting point: |
188 °C |
| Boiling point: |
284 °C |
| Flash point: |
189 °C |
| water-solublility: |
1.5 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Storage Conditions: |
2-8°C |
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