Caesium carbonate is an important caesium compound. The following is a detailed introduction to it:
Basic Information
- Chemical Formula: Cs2CO3
- English Name: Caesium carbonate
- Molecular Weight: 325.82
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Physical Properties
- Appearance: It is a white crystalline powder, odorless.
- Solubility: It is highly soluble in water, showing strong alkalinity in aqueous solutions, and insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.
- Density: 4.24 g/cm³.
- Melting Point: 610 °C.
- Boiling Point: The decomposition temperature is approximately 1300 °C.
- Chemical Properties
- Stability: It is stable under normal temperature and pressure, but will decompose or react under specific conditions such as high temperatures or in the presence of strong acids.
- Alkalinity: Its aqueous solution is strongly alkaline and can undergo neutralization reactions with acids to form corresponding caesium salts and water.
- Reaction with Metal Ions: It can react with some metal ions to form corresponding carbonate precipitates.
Applications
- Electronics Industry: It is an important raw material for the production of various caesium salts and has significant applications in fields such as electron tubes, photocells, and electron emission materials. Caesium carbonate can be used to manufacture photocathode materials, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
- Chemical Industry: It is widely used as a catalyst in organic synthesis reactions. For example, it can catalyze condensation reactions and esterification reactions, increasing the reaction rate and product yield. In the petrochemical industry, it can be used in processes such as petroleum cracking.
- Optics Field: It is used in the manufacture of optical glass, which can improve the optical properties of the glass, enhancing the refractive index and transparency of the glass.
- Other Aspects: In the ceramic industry, it can be used as an additive to improve the properties of ceramics. In the pharmaceutical field, it can be used in the preparation of certain radioactive drugs.
Preparation Methods
- Caesium Hydroxide Method: React caesium hydroxide solution with carbon dioxide gas to generate a caesium carbonate solution. Through steps such as evaporation, concentration, cooling, and crystallization, caesium carbonate crystals are obtained.
- Ammonium Carbonate Method: React ammonium carbonate with a caesium salt (such as caesium chloride) to form caesium carbonate and an ammonium salt. The caesium carbonate product is obtained through operations such as filtration and evaporation.
Precautions
- Health Hazards: Caesium carbonate is toxic to a certain extent and is irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract of the human body. Inhalation or ingestion may cause damage to the nervous system, cardiovascular system, etc. When using it, contact and inhalation of its dust should be avoided.
- Storage Conditions: It should be stored in a sealed, dry, cool, and well - ventilated place, avoiding contact with acids, water, and other substances to prevent reactions and deterioration.
| Product name: |
Cesium carbonate |
| Appearance: |
White powder or crystal |
| CAS No: |
534-17-8 |
| EINECS No: |
208-591-9 |
| Molecular formula: |
Cs2CO3 |
| Molecular weight: |
325.82 |
| Density: |
4.072 |
| Melting point: |
610 °C |
| Water soluble: |
261 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Storage conditions: |
Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature |
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